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Risk Factors of Lymphedema in a Prospective Breast Cancer Survivorship Study: The Pathways Study

Identifieur interne : 005644 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005643; suivant : 005645

Risk Factors of Lymphedema in a Prospective Breast Cancer Survivorship Study: The Pathways Study

Auteurs : Marilyn L. Kwan [États-Unis] ; Jeanne Darbinian [États-Unis] ; Kathryn H. Schmitz [États-Unis] ; Rebecca Citron [États-Unis] ; Paula Partee [États-Unis] ; Susan E. Kutner [États-Unis] ; Lawrence H. Kushi [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : PMC:2997775

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Objective

To determine the incidence of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) during the early survivorship period, and demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors associated with BCRL development.

Design

The Pathways Study, a prospective cohort study of breast cancer survivors with a mean follow-up of 20.9 months.

Setting

Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Medical Care Program.

Participants

997 women diagnosed from January 2006 to October 2007 with primary invasive breast cancer and at least 21 years of age at diagnosis, had no prior history of any cancer, and spoke English, Spanish, or Chinese.

Main Outcome Measures

Clinical indication of BCRL as determined from outpatient or hospitalization diagnostic codes, outpatient procedural codes, and durable medical equipment orders.

Results

133 women (13.3%) had a clinical indication of BCRL, with a mean time to diagnosis of 8.3 months (range: 0.7–27.3). Being African American (HR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.00–3.72) or more educated (p trend = 0.03) was associated with an increased risk of BCRL. Removal of at least one lymph node (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02–1.07) was associated with increased risk, yet no significant association was observed for type of lymph node surgery. Being obese at breast cancer diagnosis was suggestive of an elevated risk (HR = 1.43; 95% CI: 0.88–2.31).

Conclusions

In a large cohort study, BCRL occurs among a substantial proportion of early breast cancer survivors. Our findings agree with previous studies on the increased risk of BCRL with removal of lymph nodes and being obese, yet point to differential risk by race/ethnicity.


Url:
DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.2010.231
PubMed: 21079093
PubMed Central: 2997775


Affiliations:


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<term>Breast Neoplasms (ethnology)</term>
<term>Breast Neoplasms (pathology)</term>
<term>Breast Neoplasms (surgery)</term>
<term>California (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Chi-Square Distribution</term>
<term>Demography</term>
<term>Educational Status</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Follow-Up Studies</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Incidence</term>
<term>Life Style</term>
<term>Lymphatic Metastasis</term>
<term>Lymphedema (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Lymphedema (ethnology)</term>
<term>Lymphedema (etiology)</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Neoplasm Invasiveness</term>
<term>Obesity (complications)</term>
<term>Proportional Hazards Models</term>
<term>Prospective Studies</term>
<term>Risk Factors</term>
<term>Survivors (statistics & numerical data)</term>
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<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Californie (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Démographie</term>
<term>Facteurs de risque</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Incidence</term>
<term>Invasion tumorale</term>
<term>Loi du khi-deux</term>
<term>Lymphoedème (ethnologie)</term>
<term>Lymphoedème (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Lymphoedème (étiologie)</term>
<term>Mode de vie</term>
<term>Modèles de hasards proportionnels</term>
<term>Métastase lymphatique</term>
<term>Niveau d'instruction</term>
<term>Obésité ()</term>
<term>Survivants ()</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein ()</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein (anatomopathologie)</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein (ethnologie)</term>
<term>Études de suivi</term>
<term>Études prospectives</term>
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<term>Tumeurs du sein</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en">
<term>Obesity</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Lymphedema</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethnologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Lymphoedème</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethnology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Breast Neoplasms</term>
<term>Lymphedema</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Lymphedema</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Breast Neoplasms</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en">
<term>Survivors</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="surgery" xml:lang="en">
<term>Breast Neoplasms</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Californie</term>
<term>Lymphoedème</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Lymphoedème</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en">
<term>Chi-Square Distribution</term>
<term>Demography</term>
<term>Educational Status</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Follow-Up Studies</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Incidence</term>
<term>Life Style</term>
<term>Lymphatic Metastasis</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Neoplasm Invasiveness</term>
<term>Proportional Hazards Models</term>
<term>Prospective Studies</term>
<term>Risk Factors</term>
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<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Démographie</term>
<term>Facteurs de risque</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Incidence</term>
<term>Invasion tumorale</term>
<term>Loi du khi-deux</term>
<term>Mode de vie</term>
<term>Modèles de hasards proportionnels</term>
<term>Métastase lymphatique</term>
<term>Niveau d'instruction</term>
<term>Obésité</term>
<term>Survivants</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein</term>
<term>Études de suivi</term>
<term>Études prospectives</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<sec id="S1">
<title>Objective</title>
<p id="P1">To determine the incidence of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) during the early survivorship period, and demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors associated with BCRL development.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2">
<title>Design</title>
<p id="P2">The Pathways Study, a prospective cohort study of breast cancer survivors with a mean follow-up of 20.9 months.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3">
<title>Setting</title>
<p id="P3">Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Medical Care Program.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4">
<title>Participants</title>
<p id="P4">997 women diagnosed from January 2006 to October 2007 with primary invasive breast cancer and at least 21 years of age at diagnosis, had no prior history of any cancer, and spoke English, Spanish, or Chinese.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S5">
<title>Main Outcome Measures</title>
<p id="P5">Clinical indication of BCRL as determined from outpatient or hospitalization diagnostic codes, outpatient procedural codes, and durable medical equipment orders.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S6">
<title>Results</title>
<p id="P6">133 women (13.3%) had a clinical indication of BCRL, with a mean time to diagnosis of 8.3 months (range: 0.7–27.3). Being African American (HR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.00–3.72) or more educated (p trend = 0.03) was associated with an increased risk of BCRL. Removal of at least one lymph node (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02–1.07) was associated with increased risk, yet no significant association was observed for type of lymph node surgery. Being obese at breast cancer diagnosis was suggestive of an elevated risk (HR = 1.43; 95% CI: 0.88–2.31).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S7">
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="P7">In a large cohort study, BCRL occurs among a substantial proportion of early breast cancer survivors. Our findings agree with previous studies on the increased risk of BCRL with removal of lymph nodes and being obese, yet point to differential risk by race/ethnicity.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<name sortKey="Schmitz, Kathryn H" sort="Schmitz, Kathryn H" uniqKey="Schmitz K" first="Kathryn H." last="Schmitz">Kathryn H. Schmitz</name>
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